A1, A2 3 hoursAdjectives & Adverbs

Adjectives: Complete Guide for Spanish Speakers

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Position and Order. Unlike Spanish or French, where adjectives often follow the noun (e.g., 'la casa blanca'), English places them strictly before the noun. Also, the rigid 'OSASCOMP' order for multiple adjectives is unintuitive.

Last Updated: January 15, 2026 | Reviewed by: María González

🎯 Why This Matters

To make speech colorful and detailed.

Learning Outcome

Ability to provide qualitative characteristics to objects.

🇪🇸 The Challenge

Position and Order. Unlike Spanish or French, where adjectives often follow the noun (e.g., 'la casa blanca'), English places them strictly before the noun. Also, the rigid 'OSASCOMP' order for multiple adjectives is unintuitive.

🇲🇽🇨🇴🇦🇷 Word Order Instinct

Problem: Your Spanish word order puts adjectives AFTER nouns

Watch out: Translating 'el carro rojo' as 'the car red' instead of 'the red car'

✅ Fix: Think: ADJECTIVE + NOUN. Always. No exceptions for basic adjectives.

🧠 Mental Note: Before saying any noun, ask: 'Do I need an adjective?' If yes, say it FIRST.

❌ 'I want coffee black' → ✅ 'I want black coffee'

🇪🇸 Same challenge, different examples

Advantage: You already handle some prenominal adjectives (gran hombre, buen amigo)

Watch out: But most adjectives still follow the noun in Spanish

✅ Fix: Extend your 'gran/buen' instinct to ALL adjectives in English

🇪🇸 'un vino tinto español excelente' → 🇬🇧 'an excellent Spanish red wine'

🧠 Visual Explanation (The Mental Fix)

The Adjective Train

Think of adjectives as train cars that MUST go in a specific order before the engine (noun): 🚂 TRAIN ORDER: Opinion → Size → Age → Shape → Color → Origin → Material → Purpose → NOUN Memorize: OSASCOMP (Oh So Awesome Students Can Often Make Progress) Example: ✅ 'a beautiful big old round brown Italian wooden dining table' ❌ 'a wooden Italian brown round old big beautiful dining table' The train derails if cars are in wrong order!

OSASCOMP: Opinion-Size-Age-Shape-Color-Origin-Material-Purpose. Say it like a magic spell before describing anything with multiple adjectives.

🗣️ Pronunciation Guide

How Spanish speakers should pronounce this structure:

Silent letters in adjectives

Spanish Habit: Spanish speakers pronounce every letter

English Reality: Many English adjectives have silent letters or reduced syllables

Examples:

  • comfortable → /ˈkʌmftəbl/ (3 syllables, not 4)
  • interesting → /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/ (3 syllables, not 4)
  • different → /ˈdɪfrənt/ (2 syllables, not 3)

Practice: Record yourself and compare with native audio. Count syllables!

📖 How It Works

Description exercises focusing on noun phrases. Visual ordering charts.
Learning Strategy

Teacher Recommendation: Self-study friendly

Time Investment: 3 hours

🔑 Signal Words (Memory Anchors)

These words/phrases appear with this structure:

English Spanish Example
very muy a very tall building / un edificio muy alto
quite bastante quite expensive / bastante caro
extremely extremadamente extremely difficult / extremadamente difícil
rather más bien rather cold / más bien frío
such a/an tan / qué such a beautiful day / qué día tan hermoso

💬 Real Examples

Let's see this structure in action with correct vs incorrect usage:

Example 1: Describing a house (adjective position)

CORRECT: "I live in a white house."

🇪🇸 Translation: "Vivo en una casa blanca."

COMMON MISTAKE: "I live in a house white."

Why wrong? English adjectives go BEFORE the noun, not after like in Spanish

🇲🇽 LatAm Trap: Your brain wants to translate 'casa blanca' word-by-word. Resist!

Example 2: Multiple adjectives (OSASCOMP order)

CORRECT: "She bought a lovely small antique Chinese vase."

🇪🇸 Translation: "Ella compró un hermoso pequeño jarrón chino antiguo."

COMMON MISTAKE: "She bought a Chinese antique small lovely vase."

Why wrong? Adjective order is fixed: Opinion(lovely) → Size(small) → Age(antique) → Origin(Chinese)

Native speakers 'feel' wrong order even if they can't explain the rule

Example 3: Adjective with linking verb

CORRECT: "The soup tastes delicious."

🇪🇸 Translation: "La sopa sabe deliciosa."

COMMON MISTAKE: "The soup tastes deliciously."

Why wrong? After linking verbs (be, seem, taste, look, feel), use ADJECTIVE not adverb

Linking verbs: be, become, seem, appear, look, sound, smell, taste, feel

✏️ Practice Exercises

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🚀 What to Study Next

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